{
  "title": "Digital workforce",
  "note": "Modeled annualized useful task output, in equivalents of 1,800 human task-hours/year. Not people, autonomous agents, jobs displaced, or measured net time saved. Robots include commercial mobile/service automation predating generative AI; exclude conventional fixed arms and household robots. Monthly inputs are interpolated, not observed. September 2026 is a nowcast. Model and primary sources: digital-workforce-methodology.html.",
  "dates": [
    "2022-11-30",
    "2022-12-31",
    "2023-01-31",
    "2023-02-28",
    "2023-03-31",
    "2023-04-30",
    "2023-05-31",
    "2023-06-30",
    "2023-07-31",
    "2023-08-31",
    "2023-09-30",
    "2023-10-31",
    "2023-11-30",
    "2023-12-31",
    "2024-01-31",
    "2024-02-29",
    "2024-03-31",
    "2024-04-30",
    "2024-05-31",
    "2024-06-30",
    "2024-07-31",
    "2024-08-31",
    "2024-09-30",
    "2024-10-31",
    "2024-11-30",
    "2024-12-31",
    "2025-01-31",
    "2025-02-28",
    "2025-03-31",
    "2025-04-30",
    "2025-05-31",
    "2025-06-30",
    "2025-07-31",
    "2025-08-31",
    "2025-09-30",
    "2025-10-31",
    "2025-11-30",
    "2025-12-31",
    "2026-01-31",
    "2026-02-28",
    "2026-03-31",
    "2026-04-30",
    "2026-05-31",
    "2026-06-30",
    "2026-07-31",
    "2026-08-31",
    "2026-09-24"
  ],
  "series": [
    {
      "name": "Chatbots",
      "color": "#43a9ff",
      "values": [
        75.408,
        3878.125,
        15089.064,
        26218.614,
        39702.061,
        53963.079,
        70006.891,
        86851.137,
        105674.417,
        125995.617,
        147142.404,
        170581.787,
        194856.771,
        217541.183,
        241757.807,
        265844.053,
        293170.338,
        321215.652,
        351899.589,
        385603.446,
        437763.778,
        491769.093,
        545799.339,
        603466.607,
        661059.466,
        722426.25,
        871076.266,
        1012218.999,
        1176556.116,
        1344162.214,
        1526788.547,
        1703000.094,
        1823582.935,
        1949529.868,
        2076727.634,
        2213879.735,
        2352362.286,
        2501653.846,
        2620159.578,
        2730548.292,
        2856585.944,
        2982495.525,
        3116797.176,
        3250951.523,
        3394037.934,
        3541800.944,
        3659505.208
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Researchers",
      "color": "#bda1ff",
      "values": [
        33.637,
        337.222,
        1269.98,
        2302.559,
        3680.687,
        5275.171,
        7221.553,
        9423.973,
        12062.141,
        15103.949,
        18467.504,
        22415.784,
        26733.102,
        31530.688,
        36899.561,
        42478.11,
        49079.261,
        56139.246,
        64177.457,
        73535.949,
        90116.738,
        108765.374,
        128934.794,
        152136.034,
        177039.108,
        205486.632,
        270146.981,
        338295.096,
        425642.522,
        523235.546,
        638886.647,
        758545.727,
        839281.817,
        925344.708,
        1013887.466,
        1111006.346,
        1210623.587,
        1319579.688,
        1406324.189,
        1487773.02,
        1581456.032,
        1675702.902,
        1776879.2,
        1878537.101,
        1987537.83,
        2100643.838,
        2191085.069
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Knowledge Workers",
      "color": "#9ab8c9",
      "values": [
        129.479,
        304.583,
        612.328,
        933.263,
        1337.463,
        1778.817,
        2288.125,
        2833.847,
        3453.739,
        4131.928,
        4845.078,
        5642.109,
        6472.917,
        8773.475,
        11310.906,
        13906.033,
        16924.242,
        20092.497,
        23629.662,
        27955.848,
        37238.966,
        47217.077,
        57540.821,
        68904.419,
        80580.453,
        93353.299,
        115797.205,
        137853.807,
        164309.031,
        192006.276,
        222854.923,
        257435.286,
        313126.56,
        372605.586,
        433852.279,
        501032.31,
        569890.514,
        645100.0,
        722894.769,
        796273.649,
        881009.19,
        966555.868,
        1058668.057,
        1151452.106,
        1251144.882,
        1354768.242,
        1437725.694
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Coders",
      "color": "#ff914f",
      "values": [
        4000.0,
        6533.333,
        8979.742,
        11523.092,
        14708.384,
        18160.57,
        22109.794,
        26301.267,
        31014.421,
        36115.803,
        41422.268,
        47287.581,
        53333.333,
        65786.04,
        79412.101,
        93221.309,
        109118.381,
        125619.835,
        143825.767,
        162859.816,
        186578.769,
        213052.965,
        241296.514,
        273192.319,
        306682.586,
        344000.0,
        374463.362,
        402962.963,
        435605.86,
        468286.125,
        503182.44,
        548845.632,
        682163.875,
        838684.171,
        1012246.869,
        1214422.816,
        1432168.402,
        1680000.0,
        1920837.156,
        2153198.39,
        2426875.395,
        2708153.011,
        3015783.08,
        3329918.501,
        3671501.634,
        4030339.604,
        4320000.0
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Autonomous Drivers",
      "color": "#39ffc1",
      "values": [
        118.56,
        177.84,
        227.358,
        272.085,
        321.603,
        369.524,
        419.042,
        466.963,
        516.481,
        566.0,
        613.921,
        663.439,
        711.36,
        847.647,
        983.935,
        1111.429,
        1247.716,
        1379.607,
        1515.895,
        1668.038,
        1961.285,
        2254.532,
        2538.319,
        2831.566,
        3115.353,
        3408.6,
        3901.763,
        4347.2,
        4840.363,
        5317.617,
        5810.78,
        6296.923,
        6858.98,
        7421.036,
        7964.962,
        8527.018,
        9070.944,
        9633.0,
        10235.236,
        10779.191,
        11381.427,
        11964.236,
        12566.472,
        13149.281,
        13751.517,
        14353.753,
        14820.0
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Robots",
      "color": "#f1cf65",
      "values": [
        106667.778,
        113226.667,
        117413.729,
        121195.592,
        125382.655,
        129434.651,
        133621.713,
        137673.709,
        141860.772,
        146047.834,
        150099.83,
        154286.893,
        158338.889,
        161015.75,
        163692.61,
        166196.77,
        168873.631,
        171464.141,
        174141.002,
        176912.175,
        180989.17,
        185066.164,
        189011.643,
        193088.638,
        197034.116,
        201111.111,
        209344.696,
        216781.481,
        225015.066,
        232983.051,
        241216.635,
        248686.407,
        253058.836,
        257431.265,
        261662.648,
        266035.077,
        270266.46,
        274638.889,
        281347.17,
        287406.263,
        294114.544,
        300606.429,
        307314.711,
        313806.596,
        320514.877,
        327223.159,
        332416.667
      ]
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "name": "Human developers worldwide",
      "value": 40000000
    },
    {
      "name": "U.S. knowledge workers",
      "value": 62000000
    }
  ],
  "model": {
    "version": "first-principles-2026-09-24",
    "asOf": "2026-09-24",
    "inputs": "digital-workforce-model.json",
    "methodology": "digital-workforce-methodology.html",
    "generator": "scripts/build-digital-workforce.py",
    "interpolation": "Linear interpolation of activity inputs, then evaluate each formula."
  }
}